1. The Odyssey Interesting Discussion Questions And Answers For The Lottery By Shirley Jackson
2. Odyssey Answer Key
3. The Odyssey Questions And Answers Pdf

'The Odyssey'- Questions'Nada'sESL Island'TeachingThe OdysseyGroupfor Discussions on Facebook.Joinus there! Post/answer questionsThe Odyssey: Study GuideIncludes Answers to all the QuestionsBack up page (in case the cannot be located)Most complete study guide (Author unknown)“Tell me, Muse, of that man, so ready at need, whowandered far and wide, after he had sacked the sacredcitadel of Troy, and many were the men whose towns hesaw and whose mind he learnt, yea, and many the woeshe suffered in his heart upon the deep, striving towin his own life and the return of his company.”-from the translation and introduction byS. Buthcher and Andrew Lang of The Odysseypublished by Airmont Publishing Company-and so begins one of the most well-known tales evertold; it is the tale of Odysseus, the warrior, returninghome from the Trojan War.

Homer in theabove lines is calling upon the Muse of Olympus toinspire him to write a great work. The Odyssey isthe work of a genius; it is unique; it should berequired reading in every high school. I recommendthe above translation to anyone. (The one recommendedby the creators of the Think Quest Site and an excellenthigh school English teacher, Mrs. McCoy of McDowellHigh School in Erie, PA highly suggest is the one translatedby Mr. Robert Fagles)(Anything in this booklet can be reproduced ONLY for classroom use.)Teacher’s SilentHelper, Box 128, Dixon, NE. 68732LECTURE ON THE POET HOMERVery little is known about the poet Homer.Tradition places his birthplace on the Greek coast of Asia Minor.The story of his blindness comes from a little hymn written by oneof his imitators; it issigned with the phrase “a blind man living in Rocky Chior.” All weknow of him ininference because even the classical Greeks knew nothing of certaintyconcerning him,scarcely even the century in which he lived.One thing we know for certain; he was a professional poet.

About the Title. The Odyssey refers to the story of its main character, Odysseus (Ulysses in Latin). The word has come to mean any long journey full of adventures, especially one with an intellectual or spiritual goal.

In ChaptersI and VIII of theOdyssey, he describes his predecessors as signing songs about the Trojanexpedition.They appear to be short ballads from a long collection which seemsto cover the entireconflict. We know from his allusions in the Iliad and the Odyssey thathe was learnedabout a large number of myths and he expected his audience to be acquaintedwith hismain stories and many of the characters.However, he was not a contemporary of his heroes and heroines. Homerspeaks of themas living long before his time, among a physically stronger breed andrace of men.

Attimes he appears a bit confused about the small details of their life,their armor, and thegeography of that long ago world.Much of Homer’s style and language does not appear to be all his owncreation. Manyphrases which recur frequently such as “spoke winged words” and Achilles’“fleet offoot”, were built to fit the epic meter and style; they were used byother poets as well asHomer. So Homer inherited a vast array of poetic words, phrases, descriptions,images,and devices in style.Homer did not invent all the stories he tells; he was not the firstto turn them into poetry.He had a vast treasure from which to draw. However, there is no doubtthat beneaththese two great poems, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are two GREAT masterplans, twounities which are greater and more comprehensive than any other poemsever written inGreek literature.THEREFORE-Homer was a poet.He lived several hundred years after the Trojan War (its traditionaldate is 1194-1184B.C.E.

The Odyssey Interesting Discussion Questions And Answers For The Lottery By Shirley Jackson

(Before the Common Era))He was a man trained in the traditions of myth and history and in thepoetic techniques;these traditions had been handed down continuously since the TrojanWar - maybe evenbefore it.Homer’s genius is that he built from these myths two great, vast poemswhich were bolderwith a more skillful structure. He gave the characters a subtler andmore memorablecharacter drawing, a stronger moral purpose, a more alive quality thanany of hispredecessors.

His style is sublime.Homer wrote for an aristocratic audience who disliked the new Doriannewcomers.Smyrna, an old city on the coast of Greek Asia, may have been whereHomer lived.Homer lived sometime between 900 and 700 B.C.E. So we put his dateat 800 B.C.E.Most all Greeks felt that Homer was the author of both poems. The twopoems were theearliest achievements of the Greek genius, Homer.THE WORLD OF THE ILIAD AND THE ODYSSEY Read for time period background.Iliad means “the poem about Ilios,” and Ilios was one of the namesgiven to the oldAsiatic city of Troy. N Another word is Ilium.Odyssey means “the poem about Odysseus,” and Odysseus was one of theGreek princesfrom the Greek island of Ithaca who helped capture Troy.WHAT IS THAT WORLD LIKE?It is a time of chaos; war and violence seem to be everywhere. Communicationsaredifficult; pirates, savages, monsters seems to pressing upon this smallworld. Peace andlaw are known as ideals; however, they are practiced only within narrowlimits.They believe in an array of gods who rule from Olympus; these godsappear to be angry,incalculable and violent gods who quarrel among themselves and withthe men on earth.Races and nations are on the march; forces emerge and struggle formastery.

We have hadother periods which resemble this in the history of the world: thetime of the Vikings, theCrusades, Spanish conquest of America. Are there any virtues? Yes,cunning, brutestrength, and courage.It is the bronze age.

Weapons are made of this metal. In the Odysseywe hear aboutsteel and iron; they are mentioned as though they had just recentlybeen discovered. Theyare not in wide use. So the time has to be around 1000 B.C. E whenmen of this worldwere just beginning to use iron tools and weapons often.The world these men know is small: mainland Greece, western coast ofAsia Minor,Crete, Cyprus, Phoenicia, Egypt, Greek islands.

Further knowledge ofthis world mergesreality with fantasy as Odysseus visits the land of the Lotus-eaterswho live on thepeaceful African coast, the perilous shores of south Italy with thesea monster Scylla andthe whirlpool Charybdis, trace of Sicily with its cave-dwelling giantshints of northernlands and of course the never-ending Ocean rolls around the world.In this world there are “NO” Greeks. There is only a strong tribe livingin southernGreece; it is able to draw in allies from elsewhere, and it is knownas the Achaens,Argives, or Danaans. There are no national boundaries to this society,only strong citiesor tribes. Each of these small ruling tribes or cities has a king,a number of princes, andcouncil or the men of his town or city. The strongest cities are Mycenaeand Argos. Thistribe of Achaeans with contingents from Thessaly in the northeast,from Ithaca in thenorthwest, from Crete in the southeast, is besieging Troy.

Where isTroy? It is a singlecity in the northwestern part of Asia Minor near the Dardanells; itis an ancient city, richand powerful.In Troy some of its princes have Greek names and live by Greek customs.It has a kingcalled Priam; he is an oriental sultan with a harem. He is defendinghis kingdom with thehelp of allies brought in from elsewhere in Asia.This is a war between Orientals and Europeans but soldiers of bothsides understand eachother’s language, use same weapons, and fight in the same way. Thereis little trace ofracial enmity in the story.Why the Trojan War began-.The war began because Paris abducted Helen, wife of Menelaus or Sparta.Paris, aprince of Troy, carried her to Troy.

King Menelaus called upon hisbrother Agamemnon,King of Argos, and other petty chieftains of the Achaeans to gathertogether and help himget Helen back. So 1000 ships filled with Achaeans sailed for Troyand began a ten-yearwar.

Odyssey Answer Key

They find they cannot take the city; its walls are too strong.The men know nothingof siege engineering and cannot organize a blockage so that the Trojanscan be starvedout. The war itself is being fought by trials of strength between thearmies.It is a strange operation. In battle, everything depends on the chiefs;the main body of thearmy is there only to support those chiefs.

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A single hero who possessesextreme dexterity,powerful will and terrifying strength can often turn the he whole tideof war; he canbecome completely irresistible until he is killed. They do not fightcontinually; it seems tobe a series of duels between rival chiefs and assertions of individualheroism can carry anentire charge along with them. This is an aristocratic war where chiefslead their clans towar and are the bravest of the brave. A war like this needs courageand cunning-butchiefly physical courage.The world outside this war is shown here and there when the soldierswander from battleinto the lands away from Troy or when they finally return home afterthe fall of Troy. Wefind that strangers are suspect and dangerous; they meet either a treacherouswelcome or adesperate resistance. One chief is shipwrecked on the way home, anotheris murdered byhis wife and lover, another exiled by usurpers. The clever Odysseushimself sacks the cityof Ismareus before turning for home and when he arrives at Ithaca,he finds his palacefilled with a mob or unruly young men competing to marry his wife sothat one of themcan be king of Ithaca.

Yes, in this world, law exists in heaven, buton earth law is in thehands of the strongest. Other civilizations writing at this mentionthe Achaeans asdangerous invaders attacking those rich, and established older kingdoms.“There was a Troy, a city often destroyed and often rebuilt in thesame powerful positioncommanding the Dardanelles. There was a city at Mycenae, very wealthyand strong; thehuge roof of its treasury was greater than any vault built in Europefor fifteen hundredyears there-after. The Achaeans, it seems, were a group of northerntribes who invadedand occupied Greece some time after 2000 B.C.E., expanded until theyconquered itsformer rulers, the Cretan sea kings, attacked the powers of Asia Minorand Egypt, andthen fell back victorious but exhausted from their conquest of Troy.Then, a generation ortwo later, Greece was overrun by new conquerors, the rough Dorians,ancestors of theSpartans.

Greece was then plunged into a Dark Age full of dividionstrife and poverty.Only after that did the classical Greece we know (time of Pericles)come to birth”.However, the people of this Achaean Homeric world are not prehistoricsavages. Thereare Helen of Troy, “the beautiful woman whom all woman hate, and allmen, even againsttheir will, admire; her lover, the vain handsome, cowardly Paris; theshort,broad-shouldered, wily, clever Odysseus, and his young son Telemachus,gallant butinexperienced and shy; garrulous old Nestor; Agamemnon, king of men,tall and pompous;Hector, the pessimistic patriot; and his enemy, the doomed hero, youngAchilles, racingtoward his own death like a meteor leaving a fiery track down the sky-allof these andmany more are men and women like all of us, like the best and worstof us.

It is becausethey are universal human beings that the Iliad and the Odyssey havebeen read constantly,through so many changes of civilization, for more than two thousandyears. Homer is asgreat as Shakespeare, and there has been none greater.WHAT ARE THE GODS OF OLYMPUS LIKE?They interfere, guide or mislead heroes, quarrel among themselves aboutthe outcome ofthe Trojan War, try to delay ro change the fated future; one god willhelp a hero whileanother will persecute him; the gods fight, make love, cheat, adn behavegenerally worsethan the men and women they are supposed to rule and inspire.However, look at these gods closely. When they do intervene in thegreat tales, theyusually represent the following: an ability, an emotion, cool reason,sexual charm, anatural but super-human force such as storm or plague, or the irresistiblepower of fatewhich uses every force at its command to defeat the losing side. Whenthe gods debate,bicker, compete, and quarrel among themselfves, they seem to representincidental musictot he human struggles on earth. The gods seem to have always beena part of these longago myths that went into the making of the Iliad and the Odyssey. However,rememberthis, that when these two great poems were finally written down, itmade the gods lessnoble and less important.These two classic poems, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are the oldestcomplete books inthe Western World.

What they tell us about is of a time back beyongthe beginning ofrecorded history. They are over three thousand years old - and probablythe storiesthemselves (some of them) much much older.

The poems do not ell theentire sotry butthey do show us the essentials; the rest is left to our imagination.The material for the above information was taken from 'The World ofthe Iliad and the Odyssey' as written by the renowned Gilbert Highet. Someof the information was taken from The Life of Greece written by Will Durant,Simon and Schuster, New York, 1966.Much of my interpretation of these two great poems has been learnedfrom the writings of these two great men.MY DISCUSSION OF QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON EACH CHAPTER is from Homer,The Odyssey, translation and introduction by S. Butcher adn Andrew Lang,published by the Airmon Publishing Company. Any quotations in the questionsand answers are taken from this translation. I recommend this translationmost highly when teaching high school students.I have always taped the first five chapters of this book and then playedthem to the class while they follow in their books. This takes five days.Disucss each chapter with them as they finish reading it. This enablesthem to become familiar with the vocabulary.

After this, they are readyto read it on their own.learn both Roman and Greek name.THE GODS OF GREECEI. The Elder GodsA. The Titans(They were of enormous sixe and incredible strength, but they ewrwehuman inappearance)1. Cronus - in Latin, Saturn; wife is Rhea - in Latin -OpsRuler of all the TitantsFAther of Zeus; Zeus overthrew his fater Cronus2.

Ocean - river that circled the earth3. Tethys - wife of Ocean4. Hyperion - father of the sun, the moon, and the dawn5. Helios- God of the sun; son of Hyperion6. Mnemosyne - means memory7. Themis - translated as meaning Justice8. Iapetus - important because of his sons; his sons area.

Atlas - bore the world on his shouldersb. Prometheus - savior of mankind; name means Forethoughtc. Epimetheus - means AfterthoughtII. The Twelve Great Olympians (Succceded the Titans)A.

Zeus (Jupiter) God of all gods Supreme ruler - Lord of the sky, theraincloud, Cloud- gatherer He was not omnipotent; He could be opposed anddeceived; Husband of Hera Breastplate is the aegis. Bird is the eagle.Tree is the oak.B.

Poseidon (Neptune) God of the SeaZeus' brother and second only to Zeus in powerWife was Amphitrite, granddaughter of OceanHe gave the first horse to manCarried the trident - three pronged spearCalled the Earth-shakerC. Hades (Pluto) Gsd of Hades (the Underworld)God of the wealth of precious metals hidden in the earthHe was unpitying, inexorable, but just; a terrible but not an evilgod.Wife was Persephone - Goddess of the Spring and daughter of Demeter,goddess of the Harvest Hades ruled over the dead.He is not death itself.D. Hastia (Uesta) Goddess of the Hearth - symbol of the homeEach newborn child must be carried before the hearth and around thehearth before it could be received into the familyZeus' sister - Every meal began and ended with an offering to herEach city had a public hearth sacred to Hestia where the fire was neverallowed to go out In Rome her fire was cared for by six virgin priestesses,called Vestals.E. Hera (Juno) Wife of Zeus - also his sisterProtector of marriage and married women were her particular careTitans Ocean and Tethys brought her upVery little that is attractive in herIn only one story - 'Quest of theGolden Fleece' is she aprotector of heroes.Ilithyia (Eileithyea) her daughter helped women in childbirthHer animal is the cow.

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Her bird is the peacock; it is sacred to her.F. Ares (Mars) God of WarSon of Zeus and Hera; both of whom Homer said detested himHis bird - the vultureHis animal - the dog was wronged by being given to himHomer calls him bloodstained, murderous, the curse of mortalsHe sas a coward, too, for he bellows and runs away when he is woundedNo cities worshipped him. He came from Thrace, home of a rude fiercepeople in the northeast of Greece.His sister was Eris - Goddess of Discord; Strife is Discord's son.G.