Gns 3 Nhrp Could Not Map 10.1.1.3 To Nbma
Nov 2, 2014 - DMVPN Phase 2 and Phase 3 use a multipoint GRE (mGRE). NHRP: NHRP could not map 150.1.1.1 to NBMA, cache entry not found. You're for sure mmissing multicast NHRP map on spoke. From there check NHRP on hub I guess you will not see entry for this hub. You need to pass UDP/500 and UDP/4500 (if spoke is behind NAT) and ESP/AH (IP protocol 50/51) depending on what is configured.
DMVPN (dynamic multipoint virtual private network) is a design approach that allows full mesh connectivity with the use of multipoint GRE tunnels. DMVPN itself is not a protocol but rather it is a design approach that consists of the following technologies:. NHRP (next-hop resolution protocol). mGRE(multipoint GRE). Routing protocol. IP sec encryption (optional)Most of these technologies are familiar to networking professionals, except for the NHRP protocol.
NHRP is a resolution protocol that behaves like ARP. In an NHRP environment, there are two roles, the NHS (next-hop server) and the NHC (next-hop client). The NHCs register themselves with the NHS and provide information, such as their logical VPN IP addresses and the physical NBMA mapping. The NHCs also request information from the NHS about how to reach the other NHCs by learning the logical IP to NBMA mapping information. NHRP was used before in the legacy overlay VPN environment particularly in building frame-relay SVCs (switched virtual circuits). Today the protocol is used in the DMVPN environment as well using the same behavior. DMVPN is typically deployed using MPLS and Internet services because DMVPN has the capability to build dynamic tunnels to other spokes or branches without going through the hub site.
This makes efficient use of the full mesh topologies mentioned above. If DMVPN is deployed using the Internet, the hub router requires a static public IP address as this will be configured in the NHC routers as the NHS IP address. The spokes don’t require a static public IP address as a tunnel source because they will report their physical IP to logical mappings to the NHS or the hub. In an MPLS environment, using the IP address of the Loopback is an acceptable design. DMVPN provides zero-touch configuration on the hub router if a new spoke is added.DMVPN has so far three phases of evolution: Phase 1 had only hub-and-spoke, in Phase 2 direct spoke-to-spoke capability for DMVPN was added, and Phase 3 has features that help a hierarchical DMVPN design scale better through the use of NHRP Shortcut and other enhancements. Our lab will focus on more on Phase 2.In this GNS3 Lab, we will have the following tasks below. Verification will be done for each of the steps.
Configure DMVPN on the hub router R1. Configure spokes R2, R3 and R4. Configure EIGRP as the routing protocol and enable spoke-to-spoke tunnels. Add Loopback10 to each of the routers and announce it in EIGRP.
Configure encryption.Below are the physical and logical diagrams.Figure 1. Network TopologyFigure 2. DMVPN TopologyTask 1: Configure DMVPN on the Hub Router R1The MPLS router in the GNS3 topology has already been pre-configured to peer with all the routers using BGP.
Ip Nhrp Redirect Failed To Initialise
The routers in this topology are already announcing their Loopback0s through BGP. Before proceeding with the configuration, let’s check if we can see the loopback IP addresses of all the routers from R1.
R1#sh ip bgpBGP table version is 5, local router ID is 1.1.1.1Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history,. validbest, i - internal,r RIB-failure, S StaleOrigin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP,? - incompleteNetwork Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path. 1.1.1.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i.
2.2.2.2/32 15.15.15.5 0 2 i. 3.3.3.3/32 15.15.15.5 0 3 i. 4.4.4.4/32 15.15.15.5 0 4 iThen we configure Tunnel100 with the DMVPN configuration for hub routers. R1(config)#int tun100R1(config-if)#ip add 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#ip nhrp map multicast dynamicR1(config-if)#ip nhrp authentication ciscoR1(config-if)#ip nhrp network-id 100R1(config-if)#tunnel source Loopback0R1(config-if)#tunnel mode gre multipointR1(config-if)#tunnel key 100Let’s break down the commands one by one.ip nhrp map multicast dynamic: Normally this is configured in the hub routers to allow NHRP to automatically add routers to the multicast NHRP mappings so a static mapping is not required any more for each of the spokes. This command also enables routing protocols to work over the mGRE.ip nhrp authentication: This is an optional command.
All the routers with NHRP within the same DMVPN network must have the same string or password.ip nhrp network-id: This is a required command to start NHRP. All routers in the same NHRP network should have the same network-id.
This can also be used along with the “tunnel key” command to segregate different DMVPN networks using the same interface/ IP address as the tunnel source.tunnel source Loopback0: This is the “physical” or real IP address which the tunnel should be sourced from. In the typical GRE configuration, a tunnel destination is required, but in DMVPN the tunnel destination is resolved through NHRP.tunnel mode gre multipoint: Sets the GRE tunnel to behave as a multipoint tunnel.tunnel key ” Like “ip nhrp network-id,” this allows separation of DMVPN networks using the same interface/ IP address as the source of the tunnel. This was mandatory in the previous IOS versions but, for the most recent ones, the DMVPN tunnel can come up without this command.Task 2: Configure Spokes R2, R3 and R4Let’s proceed to configure DMVPN on the spokes and explain each command later.
The spokes will have a different command set than that of the hub. Thank you so much for the help! One of the best DMVPN guideline configs out there!For the MPLS router config, I just used a standard BGP config without loopbacks, be sure to advertise each interfaces network on each router hanging off the MPLS.I also found that you do have to use loopbacks when configuring EIGRP for routing your tunnel’s network, using the same interface IP addresses you used for BGP messes it up. (Frans config might have helped but I didnt see it right away) Also remember to swap out the source tunnel interfaces and your tunnel mapping with your new BGP interfaces that messed me up for awhile.Thanks again!. This tuto is awesome, was able to do it in GNS3 with OSPF. A copy/past of the config with few changes like IOS and the interfaces.
To use OSPF, setup in the tunnel 100 of R1: ip ospf network broadcast + ip ospf priority 255 and on other tunnel R2,R3,R4: ip ospf network non-brodcast + ip ospf priority 0And confirm, need to add the local network of tunnel IP (10.1.1.x), to do the neigh adjacency. I guess same for EIGRP, was missing in the text aboveNice Saturday morning, studying DMVPN, and understand it very well.Thanks a lot!!.
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